Parallel-
- each component separates and is connected separately
- If you disconnect one component it doesn't really effect the others
- Used for most things like domestic lighting
Series-
- the different components are connected in a line, end to end
- can't control current flow
- circuit gets broken when you disconnect one component
- not handy so is not widely used
- example; fairy lights
Currents:
The size of a current ids determined by the total voltage of cell(s) and the total resistance of circuit
more components= more resistance
Light-Emitting diodes ----> indicate the presence of a current in a circuit (so can lamps). Used in applicantions to show they are in e.g. a remote control
Some components can change resistance:
- Light dependent Resistor (LDR)- changes it's resistance depending on how much light falls on it ----> for example a burglar detector
From dark to light - Thermistor- temperature dependent resistor ----> fro example car engine temperature sensors
From cold to hot
Voltage= current x resistance
V= I x R
Current is the rate of flow of electrical charge (in amperes, A) around a circuit
Charge= Current x Time
Q= I x t
electric current in a solid metallic conductor (e.g. copper wire) is charged by negatively charged electrons
Voltage is the energy transferred per unit charge passed
one volt = one joule per coulomb
Information in bold, italics are only for paper two
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